Google Expands Gemini API Structured Outputs with Full JSON Schema Support

November 5, 2025

Details

  • Google has expanded JSON Schema support across all actively supported Gemini API models, enhancing its Structured Outputs feature beyond previous OpenAPI 3.0 limitations.
  • Early access partners, including Agentic Users and Alkimi AI, are already utilizing the upgrade for tasks like brand guideline extraction and advanced LLM pipeline configuration.
  • The update introduces support for key JSON Schema keywords, such as anyOf for union types, $ref for recursive structures, minimum and maximum for numeric constraints, additionalProperties, type: 'null', and prefixItems for tuple validation, as well as implicit property ordering in Gemini 2.5 and later.
  • Developers can now use schema libraries like Pydantic and Zod directly with Gemini, eliminating the need for conversion and translation layers.
  • Structured Outputs remains one of the most widely used features in the Gemini API, and this upgrade is especially valuable for multi-agent systems where format consistency and complex data handling are vital.

Impact

By adding robust, native JSON Schema support, Google addresses longstanding developer demands and eases the creation of complex AI pipelines. This move positions Gemini more favorably against OpenAI’s structured output offering, and highlights Google’s commitment to advancing agentic and multi-agent AI architectures. The enhancements will likely accelerate enterprise adoption and real-world deployment of Gemini-powered systems.

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